Character Data

import IEx.Helpers

Integers and Characters

Characters data is nothing more than integer values of code that point to Unitcode table

i(97)

Term
  97
Data type
  Integer
Reference modules
  Integer
Implemented protocols
  IEx.Info, Inspect, List.Chars, String.Chars

?a

97

i(?a)

Term
  97
Data type
  Integer
Reference modules
  Integer
Implemented protocols
  IEx.Info, Inspect, List.Chars, String.Chars

{?c, ?a, ?t}

{99, 97, 116}

Lists And Charlists

i([99, 97, 116])

Term
  ~c"cat"
Data type
  List
Description
  This is a list of integers that is printed using the `~c` sigil syntax,
  defined by the `Kernel.sigil_c/2` macro, because all the integers in it
  represent printable ASCII characters. Conventionally, a list of Unicode
  code points is known as a charlist and a list of ASCII characters is a
  subset of it.
Raw representation
  [99, 97, 116]
Reference modules
  List
Implemented protocols
  Collectable, Enumerable, IEx.Info, Inspect, List.Chars, String.Chars

[99, 97, 116] == ~c"cat"

true

# list is 
[:a, :sequence, :of, :links]

[:a, :sequence, :of, :links]

"cat" == ~c"cat"

false

Binaries and Strings

# Binary
i(<<0, 1, 2, 3, 4>>)

Term
  <<0, 1, 2, 3, 4>>
Data type
  BitString
Byte size
  5
Description
  This is a string: a UTF-8 encoded binary. It's printed with the `<<>>`
  syntax (as opposed to double quotes) because it contains non-printable
  UTF-8 encoded code points (the first non-printable code point being
  `<<0>>`).
Reference modules
  String, :binary
Implemented protocols
  Collectable, IEx.Info, Inspect, List.Chars, String.Chars

exports(:binary)

bin_to_list/1               bin_to_list/2               bin_to_list/3               
replace/3                   encode_hex/1                encode_hex/2                
decode_hex/1                replace/4                   split/3                     
split/2                     decode_unsigned/2           decode_unsigned/1           
encode_unsigned/2           encode_unsigned/1           referenced_byte_size/1      
copy/2                      copy/1                      list_to_bin/1               
part/3                      part/2                      at/2                        
last/1                      first/1                     longest_common_suffix/1     
longest_common_prefix/1     matches/3                   matches/2                   
match/3                     match/2                     compile_pattern/1           

byte_size(<<0, 1, 2, 3, 4>>)

5

bit_size(<<0, 1, 2, 3, 4>>)

40

<?a,?t>

"cat"

i(<?a,?t>)

Term
  "cat"
Data type
  BitString
Byte size
  3
Description
  This is a string: a UTF-8 encoded binary. It's printed surrounded by
  "double quotes" because all UTF-8 encoded code points in it are printable.
Raw representation
  <<99, 97, 116>>
Reference modules
  String, :binary
Implemented protocols
  Collectable, IEx.Info, Inspect, List.Chars, String.Chars

<<99, 97, 116>> == "cat"

true